Title | An abundant perivascular source of stem cells for bone tissue engineering. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2012 |
Authors | James AW, Zara JN, Corselli M, Askarinam A, Zhou AM, Hourfar A, Nguyen A, Megerdichian S, Asatrian G, Pang S, Stoker D, Zhang X, Wu B, Ting K, Péault B, Soo C |
Journal | Stem Cells Transl Med |
Volume | 1 |
Issue | 9 |
Pagination | 673-84 |
Date Published | 2012 Sep |
ISSN | 2157-6564 |
Keywords | Adipose Tissue, Adventitia, Animals, Antigens, CD146, Antigens, CD34, Antigens, CD45, Bone and Bones, Bone Regeneration, Cell Separation, Humans, Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, Mice, Pericytes, Tissue Engineering, Tissue Scaffolds, Wound Healing, Wounds and Injuries |
Abstract | Adipose tissue is an ideal mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) source, as it is dispensable and accessible with minimal morbidity. However, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) of adipose tissue is a heterogeneous cell population, which has disadvantages for tissue regeneration. In the present study, we prospectively purified human perivascular stem cells (PSCs) from n = 60 samples of human lipoaspirate and documented their frequency, viability, and variation with patient demographics. PSCs are a fluorescence-activated cell sorting-sorted population composed of pericytes (CD45-, CD146+, CD34-) and adventitial cells (CD45-, CD146-, CD34+), each of which we have previously reported to have properties of MSCs. Here, we found that PSCs make up, on average, 43.2% of SVF from human lipoaspirate (19.5% pericytes and 23.8% adventitial cells). These numbers were minimally changed by age, gender, or body mass index of the patient or by length of refrigerated storage time between liposuction and processing. In a previous publication, we observed that human PSCs (hPSCs) formed significantly more bone in vivo in comparison with unsorted human SVF (hSVF) in an intramuscular implantation model. We now extend this finding to a bone injury model, observing that purified hPSCs led to significantly greater healing of mouse critical-size calvarial defects than hSVF (60.9% healing as opposed to 15.4% healing at 2 weeks postoperative by microcomputed tomography analysis). These studies suggest that adipose-derived hPSCs are a new cell source for future efforts in skeletal regenerative medicine. Moreover, hPSCs are a stem cell-based therapeutic that is readily approvable by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, with potentially increased safety, purity, identity, potency, and efficacy. |
DOI | 10.5966/sctm.2012-0053 |
Alternate Journal | Stem Cells Transl Med |
PubMed ID | 23197874 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC3659737 |
Grant List | 5T32DE007296-14 / DE / NIDCR NIH HHS / United States G1000816 / / Medical Research Council / United Kingdom R21 DE0177711 / DE / NIDCR NIH HHS / United States |